Activity 2

Boron

 

Neon

Magnesium

1.   What is the atomic number for each of your models?

Magnesium- 12

Boron- 5

Neon- 10

2.      What is the atomic mass number for each of your models?

Magnesium- 24.3050

Boron- 10.811

Neon- 20.1797

3. In your models, which two subatomic particles are equal in number? Protons and electrons are the same in my models.
4. How would you make an isotope for one of your models?  What would change with the model? My model would change because the number of protons and neutrons change. Usually when it is an isotope it will have numbers in front of the symbol for the element. Than using those numbers I would figure out how many protons and neutrons were needed and then put them in the nucleus of my model.
5. Considering the overall volume of your element models, what makes up most of the volume of an atom? Electrons make up most of the volume in an element.
6. For one of your models, show with another image what happens when energy excites an electron. - Boron
 

7. Once the electron is excited, what do we typically observe when the electron returns to the ground-state?   When an electron returns back to ground- state we typically observe a burst of light, sometimes it is in the form of fireworks. This usually happens when a flame come in contact with the element.
8. Why are some elements different colors when they are excited? Hint: when electrons are excited (by something like heat from an explosive) they move up to another orbital and when they fall back they release the energy in the form of light.
            Some elements give off different colors because when an element loses an electron it will give off a different color. Also sometimes electrons give off a different amount of electrons so that will also produce different colors, which is why fireworks aren’t all one color.
9. With the Fourth of July coming up quickly, explain how the colors of fireworks arise.
            The colors in the fireworks happen when an electron jumps to the next ring, but then when it returns  to the lower state, where it normally is, it releases a photon of energy which is often times seen as light.
10.  Explain the overall organizational structure of the periodic table.
            The overall organization and structure of the periodic table is set up very conveniently. First it is arranged by the atomic number of each element. The numbers run across the table. Then the table is broken down into classes and the elements are close in the same area as other elements in their class. Sometimes it is in groups, up and down, or in period, across the table.  
11. List two example elements for each of these groups or classes:
 Alkali Metals- Lithium, Sodium
Alkaline Earth- Magnesium, Calcium
Halogens- Iodine, Chlorine
Noble Gases- Helium, Neon
 Transition Metals- Iron, Nickel
 Non-Metals- Nitrogen, Carbon
Metalloids- Boron, Silicon